Anatomy of

The anatomy of the eye and neurocranium constitutes an essential field of study in biomedicine, revealing the complexity of structures and their functions. The neurocranium, as a metabolic field of detraction, differs from the viscerocranium, which is formed from embryological derivatives. Among the notable elements, the zygoma presents a unique three-dimensional shape, with facets and grooves, notably the sphenoidal fissure, through which crucial nerves such as the oculomotor nerve pass. The optic canal, housing the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery, also plays a fundamental role in the transmission of visual information.

The eye is composed of three main tunics: the sclera, which forms the outer layer and extends into the cornea; the uvea, rich in blood vessels, comprising the choroid, the iris, and the ciliary body; and the retina, which contains photoreceptors essential for vision. The ocular musculature, including various oculomotor muscles, is crucial for eye movement, while the vascularization and innervation of the eye, originating from the carotid and optic nerve, ensure efficient integration of visual information. This interconnection of systems highlights the importance of the anatomy of the eye and neurocranium in the overall functioning of the visual system.