17- Structuring of the Venous System 2_The Vitelline & Umbilical System

The vitelline system plays a crucial role in embryonic development, particularly in relation to the liver, which constitutes the main receptacle of this network. The liver emerges at the junction between the upper and middle intestine, resulting from the interaction between mesodermal tissue and endodermal tissue. Initially, the liver develops as a "suction field", receiving disassimilation information from the brain and other structures, which gives it a function of transforming toxicity. The formation of the hepatic vascular network is also essential, with the creation of the right and left vitelline veins, which anastomose to form important vascular structures such as the portal vein.

The development of the liver is characterized by processes of cephalization, cardialization, and diaphragmatization, leading to hepatic congestion. The latter is influenced by regressions and modifications, notably the regression of the left umbilical vein, which contributes to a change in blood drainage. The liver, as an organ, plays a role not only in digestion and metabolism, but also in emotional regulation, establishing a connection between the heart, liver, spleen, and small intestine. Liver regeneration, which occurs mainly at the mesodermal level, is optimized by periods of fasting and rest, highlighting the importance of functional balance in embryonic development.